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1 σφαῖρα
A ball, σφαίρῃ παίζειν play at ball, Od.6.100; σφαῖραν ἔρριψε ib. 115;σ. καλὴν μετὰ χερσὶν ἕλοντο 8.372
; σφαίρῃ ἀν' ἰθὺν πειρήσαντο ib. 377;ὥσπερ σφαῖραν ἐκδεξάμενος τὸν λόγον Pl.Euthd. 277b
; ῥαπτὴ ς. AP12.44 (Glauc.), cf. Nicom.Com.1.25, Antiph.234;διὰ σφαίρας.. ἐκπονῆσαι τὸ σῶμα Gal.6.134
, cf. Sor.1.49,93;ἡ διὰ τῆς σ. ὄρχησις Ath.1.14d
: metaph., σφαῖραν ἐποίησε τὴν οὐσίαν (cf. συστρογγύλλω) Alex.246.3: prov., σ. κατὰ πρανοῦς, of accelerating motion, Eust.249.1.2 any globe, Parm.8.43; sphere, as a geom. figure, Ti.Locr.95d, etc.; esp. the terrestrial globe, earth, Str.2.3.1; an artificial globe, Hermesian.7.88, Str.12.3.11.3 hollow sphere or globe: in the Ancient Physics, from the time of Anaximander (cf. Placit. 2.16.5), of the spheres believed to revolve round the earth carrying the heavenly bodies, and according to the Pythagoreans arranged after the intervals of the musical scale (cf. Alex.Eph. ap. Theon.Sm.p.139 H., Cic. de Rep.6.18), Arist.Metaph. 1073b18, Cael. 286b24, Mete. 341b20, 354b24, Thphr.Ign.4; σ. ἀπλανής, = ἡ τῶν ἀπλανῶν ς. the sphere of the fixed stars, Procl.Hyp.5.1; so ἡ ἀπλανής, without ς., ib.7.25; αἱ πλανώμεναι ς. planetary spheres, Plu.2.1028a; Astrol., ἡ ὀρθὴ ς. right sphere, i.e. the celestial sphere as viewed from the equator, Rhetorius in Cat.Cod.Astr.8(1).231.4 a weapon ofboxers, prob. iron ball, worn with padded covers ([etym.] ἐπίσφαιρα ) instead of boxing-gloves ([etym.] ἱμάντες ) in the σφαιρομαχίαι, Pl.Lg. 830b, cf. Plu. 2.80b.8 πλατάνου σφαῖραι, i.e. globular catkins, Dsc.4.73.9 as a quantitative measure,ἐπίβαλε.. φύκους στυπτηρίου ὡς σφαῖραν PHolm.16.32
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2 κύκλος
Aκύκλα Il.
, etc., v. infr.11.1, 3,9, 111.1:—ring, circle, ὅπποτέ μιν δόλιον περὶ κύκλον ἄγωσιν, of the circle which hunters draw round their game, Od.4.792; κ. δέκα χάλκεοι (concentric) circles of brass on a round shield, Il.11.33, cf. 20.280; but ἀσπίδος κύκλον λέγω the round shield itself, A.Th. 489, cf. 496, 591.2 Adverbial usages, κύκλῳ in a circle or ring, round about,κ. ἁπάντῃ Od.8.278
;κ. πάντῃ X.An.3.1.2
;πανταχῇ D.4.9
;τὸ κ. πέδον Pi.O.10(11).46
;κ. περιάγειν Hdt.4.180
;λίμνη.. ἐργασμένη εὖ κ. Id.2.170
;τρέχειν κ. Ar.Th. 662
;περιέπλεον αὐτοὺς κ. Th.2.84
;οἱ κ. βασιλεῖς X.Cyr.7.2.23
; ἡ κ. περιφορά, κίνησις, Pl.Lg. 747a, Alex. Aphr.in Top.218.3: freq. with περί or words compounded there with, round about,κ. πέριξ A.Pers. 368
, 418;περιστῆναι κ. Hdt.1.43
;βωμὸν κ. περιστῆναι A.Fr. 379
;ἀμφιχανὼν κ. S.Ant. 118
(lyr.);περιστεφῆ κ. Id.El. 895
;περισταδὸν κ. E.Andr. 1137
;κ. περιϊέναι Pl.Phd. 72b
, etc.;τοῦ φλοιοῦ περιαιρεθέντος κ. Thphr.HP4.15.1
; so κ. περὶ αὐτήν round about it, Hdt.1.185;περὶ τὰ δώματα κ. Id.2.62
; also κύκλῳ c. acc., withoutπερί, ἐπιστήσαντες κ. σῆμα Id.4.72
;πάντα τὸν τόπον τοῦτον κ. D.4.4
: c.gen.,κ. τοῦ στρατοπέδου X.Cyr.4.5.5
;τὰ κ. τῆς Ἀττικῆς D.18.96
, cf. PFay. 110.7 (i A.D.), etc.: metaph., around or from all sides, S.Ant. 241, etc.; κεντουμένη κύκλῳ ἡ ψυχή all over, Pl.Phdr. 251d; τὰ κ. the circumstances, Arist.Rh. 1367b29, EN 1117b2; ἡ κ. ἀπόδειξις, of arguing in a circle, Id.APo. 72b17, cf. APr. 57b18: with Preps.,ἐν κ. S.Aj. 723
, Ph. 356, E.Ba. 653, Ar.V. 432, etc.;ἅπαντες ἐν κ. Id.Eq. 170
, Pl. 679: c. gen., E.HF 926, Th.3.74;κατὰ κύκλον Emp.17.13
.1 wheel, Il.23.340; in which sense the heterocl. pl. κύκλα is mostly used, 5.722, 18.375; τοὺς λίθους ἀνατιθεῖσι ἐπὶ τὰ κύκλα on the janker, IG12.350.47.3 place of assembly, of theἀγορά, ἱερὸς κ. Il.18.504
;ὁ κ. τοῦ Ζηνὸς τὠγοραίου Schwyzer 701
B6 (Erythrae, v B.C.); ἀγορᾶς κ. (cf. κυκλόεις) E.Or. 919; of the amphitheatre, D.C.72.19.b crowd of people standing round, ring or circle of people,κ. τυραννικός S.Aj. 749
; κύκλα χαλκέων ὅπλων, i.e. of armed men, dub. in Id.Fr.210.9, cf. X. Cyr.7.5.41: abs., E.Andr. 1089, X.An.5.7.2 (both pl.), Diph.55.3.4 vault of the sky,ὁ κ. τοῦ οὐρανοῦ Hdt.1.131
, LXX 1 Es.4.34;πυραυγέα κ. αἰθέρος h.Hom.8.6
, cf. E. Ion 1147;ὁ ἄνω κ. S.Ph. 815
;ἐς βάθος κύκλου Ar.Av. 1715
;νυκτὸς αἰανὴς κ. S.Aj. 672
; γαλαξίας κ. the milky way, Placit.2.7.1, al., Poll.4.159; alsoὁ τοῦ γάλακτος κ. Arist. Mete. 345a25
;πολιοῖο γάλακτος κ. Arat.511
.b μέγιστος κ. great circle, Autol.Sph.2, al.;μ. κ. τῶν ἐν τῇ σφαίρᾳ Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.30
, cf. Gem.5.70; κ. ἰσημερινός, θερινός, etc., Ph.1.27;χειμερινός Gem.5.7
, Cleom.1.2; ἀρκτικός, ἀνταρκτικός, Gem.5.2,9;ὁ κ. ὁ τῶν ζῳδίων Arist. Mete. 343a24
; ὁ ὁρίζων κ. the horizon, Id.Cael. 297b34; παράλληλοι κ., of parallels of latitude, Autol.Sph.1: in pl., the zones, Stoic.2.196.5 orb, disk of the sun and moon,ἡλίου κ. A.Pr.91
, Pers. 504, S.Ant. 416; ; μὴ οὐ πλήρεος ἐόντος τοῦ κύκλου (sc. τῆς σελήνης) Hdt.6.106: in pl., the heavenly bodies, IG14.2012A9 (Sulp. Max.).6 circle or wall round a city, esp. round Athens,ὁ Ἀθηνέων κ. Hdt.1.98
, cf. Th.2.13, etc.;οὐχὶ τὸν κ. τοῦ Πειραιῶς, οὐδὲ τοῦ ἄστεως D.18.300
.8 in pl., eye-balls, eyes, S.OT 1270, Ph. 1354;ὀμμάτων κ. Id.Ant. 974
(lyr.): rarely in sg., eye,ὁ αἰὲν ὁρῶν κ. Διός Id.OC 704
(lyr.).9 οἱ κ. τοῦ προσώπου cheeks, Hp.Morb.2.50;κύκλα παρειῆς Nonn.D.33.190
, 37.412; but κύκλος μαζοῦ, poet. for μαζός, is f.l. in Tryph.34.11 cycle or collection of legends or poems, ([place name] Crete); esp. of the Epic cycle,ὁ ἐπικὸς κ. Ath. 7.277e
, Procl. ap. Phot.Bibl.p.319 B., cf. Arist.Rh. 1417a15; of the corpus of legends compiled by Dionysius Scytobrachion, Ath.11.481e, cf. Sch. Od.2.120; κ. ἐπιγραμμάτων Suid.s.v. Ἀγαθίας; cf.κυκλικός 11
.III circular motion, orbit of the heavenly bodies,κύκλον ἰέναι Pl.Ti. 38d
;οὐρανὸς.. μιᾷ περιαγωγῇ καὶ κύκλῳ συναναχορεύει τούτοις Arist.Mu. 391b18
; revolution of the seasons,ἐνιαυτοῦ κ. E.Or. 1645
, Ph. 477; τὸν ἐνιαύσιον κ. the yearly cycle, ib. 544;ἑπτὰ.. ἐτῶν κ. Id.Hel. 112
; μυρία κύκλα ζώειν, i.e. years, AP7.575 (Leont.): hence κ. τῶν ἀνθρωπηΐων ἐστὶ πρηγμάτων human affairs revolve in cycles, Hdt.1.207;φασὶ.. κύκλον εἶναι τὰ ἀνθρώπινα πράγματα Arist.Ph. 223b24
, al.;κ. κακῶν D.C.44.29
; κύκλου ἐξέπταν, i.e. from the cycle of rebirths, Orph.Fr. 32c.6.2 circular dance (cf. κύκλιος), χωρεῖτε νῦν ἱερὸν ἀνὰ κ. Ar.Ra. 445
, cf. Simon.148.9, E.Alc. 449 (lyr.).3 in Rhet., a rounded period,περιόδου κύκλος D.H.Comp.19
, cf. 22, 23.b period which begins and ends with the same word, Hermog.Inv.4.8. -
3 χάος
A chaos, the first state of the universe,πρώτιστα χ. γένετ', αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα Γαῖ' εὐρύστερνος κτλ. Hes.Th. 116
, cf. Ibyc.28, Epich.170.3, Acus.Fr.5J., Arist.Metaph. 1091b6, Ar.Av. 693 (anap.);χάους.. παῖς καλεῦμαι Simm. Alae7
; represented sts. as infinite space, S.E.P.3.121, cf. Plot.6.8.11; sts. as unformed matter, Luc.Am.32 (esp., acc. to the Stoics, water, Zeno Stoic.1.29 (with deriv. fr. χέω)).3 the nether abyss, infinite darkness, joined with Ἔρεβος, Pl.Ax. 371e; with ὄρφνη, Q.S. 2.614; represented as in the interior of the globe, Plu.2.953a; χάους κύνα, of Cerberus, APl.4.91.b generally, darkness, A.R.4.1697.4 any vast gulf or chasm, LXX Mi.1.6, Za.14.4; of a pit, Opp.C.4.92; of the gaping jaws of the crocodile, ib.3.414, cf. 4.161, H.5.52.5 Pythag. name for one, Theol.Ar.6.
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